"Logo is the name for a philosophy of education and a continually evolving family of programming languages that aid in its realization."
- Harold Abelson
Apple Logo, 1982
The Logo programming language was created to learn programming with its concepts such as procedures, recursion, programs-as-data. It was designed to be easy to use and to be powerful for the user who has gained experience with it. Logo has the technics of symbolic computation used in LISP programming language for artificial intelligence research. In the days when it was created it was used to control a robot called the turtle, which kids could control using commands like FORWARD 20 to make the turtle robot move 20 steps forward. Later it was used to control in graphical interfaces when they became available. Logo is a dialect of LISP, making it easier for kids to program with it.
Sources: The Logo Foundation, http://el.media.mit.edu/logo-foundation/
Logo FAQ, ftp://cher.media.mit.edu/pub/logo/FAQ